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EARLY CONNECTICUT 
ARTISTS & CRAFTSMEN 


By 


FrREDERIC FAIRCHILD SHERMAN 





New York 
PRIVATELY PRINTED 


MCMXXV 





Dedicated to the Memory 
of my friend 
Dr. J. Mitton Copurn 


A true Lover of Old-Time 
Things 





CONTENTS. 


PAGE 
eM a a ee ce AX 
ne ee ae kw ee KM 
MectiveOre AND TIOUSE-DUILDERS . . . .....:. + 
a die (aes 8 + 3 
CARPENTERS AND Furniture Makers. . . . . . 5 
MER ee a eG 
MINCE MMe i tee TG 
rename ereene ee ee TR. IQ 
NO i ce we 28 
RR i Ee tee BS 
Bieta Woreeees IN Ikon, lin, Brass, Etc. . . . . . 27 
ES ESE SSS 0a ean a 
MIscELLANEOUS CRAFTSMEN ... . a ay oat mre ae 
METER MOOR HIFsPICTURES <9: 2. wt. ee ee 39 
PRM TERERS 220). (se Meecha tans. bial ae Met AT 
Drereter eRe IN QIDS) ee OAS 
PoTTERS I oe a we BE 
ROPE ete t,o a ew ee, 


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ret Pere Sere ey Kab kg ee OF 
Der ieee ek et ee OF 
SILVERSMITHS a etm, ult, Se trv See 








LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS 


SILHOUETTE OF JOHN RicHarp Hatiam By SAMUEL MELForD 


Frontispiece 

PAGE 

Dery NICHOLAS WISBROWE). 44... .-. + «© « ts « 16 
Partor Mantet Crock By THE TERRYVILLE Mrc. Co. . . 10 
_ Map or Connecticut By AMos DooniTTrLE . . . . . «22 


Earty Hanp-wroucut Iron CAKE TURNER AND PipE Toncs 28 


Portrarr Miniature oF Mrs. Jennie Post sy JAMES 


MeN IECTEWVORTH 8c! * 0 LO a 36 
Portrait oF WiLLIAM Rocers By JoHN TRUMBULL . . . 46 
ene rer re, gO 
SAMPLER WorKED BY Betsey MerrIMAN .... .. . 60 


Earty ConneEcTicuT SILVER SPOONS .... . ree ee 68 


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INTRODUCTORY NOTE 


S most of the articles of household furniture and furnishing 
in the early Colonial days were of home manufacture 
the names of practically all of the earliest native crafts- 

men are entirely unknown today. The few exceptions are those 
who found employment for themselves in supplying the needs 
of others in the larger towns and a precious few who marked the 
things they made. Silverware being the chief luxury of the time 
it was marked by those who made it. probably from the very 
first; consequently the list of Connecticut silversmiths (based 
upon Curtis’s list in his excellent “Early Connecticut Silver’) is 
the most extensive presented. Among them are a number of 
men who will be found working also in other trades — pewterers, 
clock-makers, comb-makers and the like. In fact almost every 
early craftsman was,in a sense, a “jack of all trades,’ combining 
various callings in order to eke out a precarious living. Many of 
them, of course, worked in their homes, either in an ell directly 
connected with the house, or in a separate building on the home 
grounds. 

Stonington, Mystic and New London having been three of the 
most important of the whaling ports in the last century, consid- 
erable quantities of objects of use and ornament in ivory, whale- 
bone and like material, the “scrim-shaw” work of returning 
crews, must have been distributed from those places. Delicately 
carved and engraved, no negligible portion of these things are 
really of definite artistic merit. It is, however, unfortunately 


1X 


quite impossible to discover the identity of a single known prac- 
titioner of this curious and charming craft, which originated in 
and flourished upon our sailing ships in the great days of the 
American merchant marine. .The irony of Fate, it seems, per- 
suaded some to add their names on whales’ and sharks’ teeth, 
which they took a particular delight in covering with emblems, 
figures and scenes according to their fancy — never on any of 
those other objects of surprising and singular beauty which they 
fashioned. 

Pewter was in general use in colonial times, and silver tank- 
ards and beakers in the homes of the wealthy planters of good 
family. Rings and ear-rings were common as were shoes with 
silver and brass buckles, and watches from 1655. Cocked hats 
were worn in 1670 and the three-cornered cocked hat from 1732 
to 17790. Wheeled carriages were first used about 1750. 

It is now a forgotten fact that so long ago as I8II one 
Charles Reynolds of East Windsor took out a patent for pro- 
pelling carriages by steam. 

The first American tinsmith was Edward Pattison of Berlin, 
working in 1750, and the first records we have of the manufac- 
ture of wearing apparel of silk in this country are of 1791-2. In 
1792 the Rev. Dr. Stiles of Connecticut was shown a silk gown 
belonging to the Rev. Dr. Atwater of Brandford and made 
throughout in his own family. In the former year the Rev. Dr. 
Stiles saw silk stockings woven in Norwich, weighing 2V% ounces, 
made at Northfield. 

The lists included here cover the period from 1600 to 1875, 
with the exception of that of the Printers, which extends only to 
1830, or about the date when the publication of the New Eng- 
land Primer was discontinued. 

Of the work of many of those whose names appear in the 
various lists no identified examples are known to exist today. 
However, as perhaps nine-tenth of all the early furniture, iron, 
tin, brass and copper ware, and many of the early portraits, 
miniatures, etc., as well as much of the early silver is unmarked, 


x 


it 1s reasonable to presume that specimens of the handiwork of 
practically all are still extant. These lists have been compiled 
in the hope that they may help collectors and others in identify- 
ing the makers of various objects of antiquarian interest pre- 
sumably of Connecticut origin. 

I should appreciate very highly information of signed works 
by Connecticut artists and craftsmen, and the names of any addi- 
tional workers, which do not appear in the following lists. 


King Street 
Westport, Connecticut. 


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; BIBLIOGRAPHY 


Early Silver of Connecticut and its makers. By George Munson 
Curtis. Illustrated 12zmo. Meriden, Conn. 1913. 

Art and Artists in Connecticut. By H.W. French. 8vo. Illus- 
trated. Boston, Mass. 1879. 

History of the American Clock Business for the past Sixty Years 
and Life of Chauncey Jerome, written by himself. 16mo. 
Portrait. New Haven. 1860. 

The Brass Industry in Connecticut. A Study of the Origin and 
the Development of the Brass Industry in the Naugatuck 
Valley. (By) William G. Lathrop. 16mo. Shelton, Conn. 
1909. : 

List of Books printed in Connecticut, 1709-1800. By James 
Hammond Trumbull. The Acorn Club. Hartford, Conn. 
1904. Quarto. 

Old Houses of Connecticut. By Bertha C. Trowbridge and 
Prof. Charles M. Andrews. Illustrated Quarto. New 
Haven, Conn. 1923. 

American Glassware, Old and New. By Edwin AtLee Barber. 
Illustrated 16mo. Philadelphia. 1900. 

Early American Bottles and Flasks. By Stephen Van Rens- 

selaer. Illustrated 16mo. New York, 1921. 

Early American Portrait Painters in Mimature. By Theodore 
Bolton. Illustrated 8vo. New York, 1921. 

Early American Portrait Draughtsmen in Crayons. By Theo- 
dore Bolton. Illustrated 8vo. New York, 1923. 


X11 


Early Connecticut Houses. An historical and architectural 
study. By Norman M. Isham and Albert F. Brown. Illus- 
trated. Quarto. Providence, R.I. 1900. 


Hitchcock of Hitchcocks-ville. By Mrs. Guion Thompson. II-° 
lustrated. “Antiques,” August, 1923. Boston. 


Early Pottery of New England. By Walter A. Dyer. Illus- 
trated. “Antiques,” January, 1922. Boston. 


Chests of Our New England Grandmothers. By Malcolm A. 
Norton. Illustrated. “Antiques,” August, 1922. Boston. 


The Norwich Pottery Works. By Henry R. Armstrong. Illus- 
trated. “Antiques,” October, 1923. Boston. 


Jagging Wheels. By Wellington Haze. Illustrated. “Antiques,” 
June, 1922. Boston. 


Three New England Miniatures. By Frederic Fairchild Sher- 
man. Illustrated. “Antiques,” December, 1923. Boston. 
(Attributed to Alexander H. Emmons of Norwich). 


The Methods of Early American Potters. By L. Reginald 
Chandler. Illustrated. “Antiques,” April, 1924. 

More Light on the Block-Front. By Malcolm A. Norton. II- 
lustrated. “Antiques,” February, 1923. 

Furniture of the Pilgrim Century. By Wallace Nutting. Illus- 
trated. 4to. 1923. 

The Fentons — Pioneer American Potters. By John Spargo. 
Illustrated. “Antiques,” October, 1923. 


Samuel Danforth. Brochure reproducing four engravings by 
Samuel Danforth. Octavo. 1921-1922: Privately printed 
by Gustave R. Sattig: East River, Conn. 


A History of American Manufactures from 1608 to 1860. By 
J. Leander Bishop. 2 vols. 8vo. Philadelphia. 1864. 


X1V 


ARCHITECTS AND HOUSE BUILDERS 


We are fortunate in having preserved today the identity of the 
architects and builders of some of the earliest Connecticut houses, 
the characteristics of which, as they were modified by develop- 
ment, resulted in a type known locally as the “salt-box,” a name 
suggested by its shape and proportions. It 1s worth while to 
record that in all the years since no more satisfactory design of 
national origin has been invented. The simple interior layout 
permits of innumerable variations in subdivision and allows of 
the installing of modern heating and plumbing without sacrifice 
either of original features or the material permanence and 
strength of the structure. 


Crark, NicHotas Working 1635 Hartford 
ELDERKIN, JOHN Working 1651 New London 
Hoaptey, Davip b. 1774, d. 1839 Waterbury 
SreeL, JouN Working before 1650 Hartford 
STILEs, FRANCIS Working 1635 Windsor 


Witson, RosBert Working before 1650 Hartford 


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Boties & WALLACE 
Cooke, Ouiver D. 
Dorman, O. A. 

Dorus, CLark 

Goopwin, GeorcE & Sons 


SELLECK, A. 


Working 1837 
Working 1802 


Working 1831° 


Working 1845 
Working 1817 
Working 1847 


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CARPENTERS AND FURNITURE MAKERS 


Several distinctive local forms in furniture are associated with 
the early history of Connecticut. Perhaps the most highly treas- 
ured of these pieces are the Guilford and Sunflower chests, the 
former of which date from the late 17th and early 18th century. 
The latter were popular in the last quarter of the 17th century. 
The Guilford chest, which originated and is frequently found in 
the vicinity of that town, is painted. The Sunflower chest, so 
named from the carvings of the blossoms thereon, originated and 
ts still found near Hartford. 

As the home of the Hitchcock chair, Connecticut has to its 
credit a type of house furniture that persists in favor after a 
lapse of something more than a century. A number of early 
makers of Windsor chairs are included, discovered through ad- 
vertisements in old newspapers and in contemporary Directories. 


Atrorp & Co. Working 1843- Hitchcocks-ville 
Successors to Hitchcock, Alford & Co., and makers of chairs of the “Hitch- 
cock” type. 

Auten, JoeL b. 1755, d. 1825 Working in Middletown, 1790 
Carpenter. 

Anprews, WILLIAM New Haven 
Carpenter. 

Boykin, JAMEs Kent 
Carpenter. 

Camp Working about 1835 Robertville 


Maker of chairs similar in general appearance to the “Hitchcock” chair. 


CarrincTon, Joun Workingearly 17thcentury Wethersfield 
Carpenter. Executed for Witchcraft in 1651. 


Cuapin, AARON Bet 753,7 1935 Hartford 
Cabinet Maker. 

DisprowE, Nicuotas __b. 1612, d. 1683 Hartford 
Cabinet Maker. 


Evperkin, JouN Working 1651 New London and Norwich 


Carpenter. 

Frink, JOHN Working 1668 Stonington 
Carpenter. 

GorHAM, SAMUEL Westport 
Cabinet Maker. 

Harris, WILLIAM, JR. Working 1788 New London 
Made Windsor chairs. 

Hews, ALPHEUS Working 1787 New Haven 


Made Windsor chairs. 


Hitcucock, LamBert Working 1818-1828 Hitchcocks-ville 
The originator of the “Hitchcock” chair, during the period 1826-1828 
stenciled at the back “L. Hitchcock, Hitchcocks-ville, Conn.” 


Hitcucock, Atrorp & Co. Working 1829-1843 Hitchcocks-ville 
Successors to Lambert Hitchcock, who was the senior member of the firm. 
Their chairs (of the “Hitchcock” type) were marked “Hitchcock, Alford 


& Co.” 

Homes & Roserts Working about 1830 Colebrook 
Makers of chairs similar in style to the “Hitchcock” chair. 

Hurwisutt, TayLor Westport 
Cabinet Maker. 

Pantry, WILLIAM Hartford 
Carpenter. 

STILEs, FRANCIS Working 1635 Windsor 
Carpenter. 

STACKBONE, STACY Working 1786 Hartford 


Made Windsor chairs. 


Union Cuatr Co. Working early 19th century West Winsted 
Made chairs of the “Hitchcock type.” 





SEVENTEENTH CENTURY CHEST 


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CLOCK MAKERS 


The fathers of the clock making industry in the American 
colonies were citizens of the ancient province of Connecticut and 
the state always has led and continues to lead in the manufac- 
ture of clocks and other time-pieces. Thomas Harland of Nor- 
wich, who died in 1807, taught the trade to Eh Terry, and the 
latter, who in 1814 invented the wooden shelf-clock, revolutioned 
the industry. Joseph Ives of Bristol invented the metal clock in 
1815. The earlier clocks were entirely of wood, works, cases 
and dials, though the hands were generally of pewter, iron or 
other handwrought metal. Many sets of the early works were 
later discarded for those of metal, though it is possible that a 
few sets of handmade works of pewter and brass antedate by 
many years the invention of the metal clock. 


Ansonia Brass Co. Ansonia 
Atkins, Atpen A. Mantel Clock maker Bristol 
Arxins & PorTER Mantel Clock makers Bristol 
Avery, JOHN b. 1732, d. 1794 Preston 


Batcu, Epenezer b. 1723, d. 1808 Hartford and Wethersfield 
Barnes, THomas Workingendof18thcentury Litchfield 


Bet, RicuHarp Middlesex now Darien 
Birce, Matuiory & Co. Bristol 
BisHop & BraDLEY Watertown 
BiackMaN, JOHN Starr b. 1777, d. 1851 Danbury 
BuaKSLEE, ZIBA b. 1768, d. 1825 Newtown 
BoarRDMAN, CHAUNCEY Bristol 
BoarpMan & WELLS Bristol 
Brewer, CHARLES b. 1778, d. 1860 Middletown 


9 


Burnap, DANIEL b. 1760, d. 1838 Hartford, East 
Windsor and Coventry 


Brewster & INGRAHAMS Working about 1820 Bristol 
Cueney, Benjamin Working about 1780 Manchester 
CuHENEY, OLcoTT Working 1820 © Middletown 
Mantel Clock maker. 
Crark, DANIEL Waterbury 
Cuark, JOSEPH d. 1821 Danbury 
Criark, HERMAN Working 1807 Plymouth 
(Successor of Eli Terry). 
Coox, ZENAS Waterbury 
Curtis, Lewis b. 1774, d. 1845 Farmington 
DoouitrLteE, AMos Working 1748-1810 New Haven 
DoouitrLe, Enos Working 1772 Hartford 
Dunpar, BUTLER Bristol 
ForEsTVILLE Ciocx Co. Working 1830 Forestville 
Made many “Acorn” clocks. 
Gitsert, Wo. L. & Co. Working 1862 Winchester 
GiLBerT, W. L. Ciocx Co. Winsted 


Hanks, Benjamin Working 1778-83 Windham and Litchfield 


Invented self-winding air clock about 1783. 


Harianp, THOMAS b. 1735, d. 1807 Norwich 
Taught Eli Terry the trade of clock making. 

Harrison, JAMES Working 1790-1800 Waterbury 

Harrison, LEMUEL Working 1800 

Hircucock, Exisna, Jr. Mantel Clock maker Burlington 


Hoapiey, Siras__—_—b. 1786, d. 1870 Plymouth and Waterbury 
Working with Eli Terry and Seth Thomas at Plymouth, 1809-1849. 


Horxins, Asa Workingearly 18thcentury Litchfield and 
Northfield 


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Partor MANTEL CLock 


Made by the Terryville Manufacturing ‘Cian 
Patented October sth, 1852 








Hopkins & Lewis Litchfield 


Horcukiss, Hezexrau (?) d. 1761 New Haven 
IncRAHAM & Co., E. H. Mantel Clock makers Bristol 
Ives,C.& L.C. Working early 19th century Bristol 
Ives, JosEPH Invented metal clock 1818 Bristol 


Jerome, Cuauncey b.1793,d.1870 Bristol and New Haven 


Jerome & Darrow Bristol 
Jerome, Nosie Working 1839 Bristol 
Kearney, Hucu & Co. Working 1820 Wolcott-Ville 
Kirk, CHARLES Working 1823 Bristol 
Leavenwortu, Mark Made patent shelfclock © Waterbury 
LEAVENWoRTH, Cot. Wn. Working 1810 Waterbury 
Lewis, Levi Bristol 
Manross, ExitsHa Mantel Clock maker Bristol 
Manross, GitBerT Mantel Clock maker Winsted 
Manross, Pricuarp & Co. Bristol 


Marsu, Gitsert & Co. Mantel Clock makers, 1820 Farmington 


Merriman, SILAS Working about 1790 Litchfield 
Merriman, Dr. Titus Bristol 
Mycatr, Comrort STARR b. 1763, d. 1823 Danbury 
Myeatrt, Davip M1777, d. FOS? Danbury 
New Haven Ciocx Co. Made mantel clocks © New Haven 
Nortu, Norris Working 1820 Torrington 
Peck, TimorHy Working about 1790 Litchfield 
Porter, WILLIAM Waterbury 
Reep, Isaac b. 1746 Stamford 


II 


Ricu, JoHNn Bristol 


Roserts, Gip—eon Made wooden clocks about 1800 


Roserts, T. M. Mantel Clock maker Bristol 
SANForD, Isaac Working 1785 Hartford 
SARGENT, JACOB b. 1761, d. 1843 Hartford 
Suipman, NaTHAniet b. 1764, d. 1853 Norwich 
SmitTH, Henry C. Mantel Clock maker - Plymouth 
STow Southington 


Terry, Ext b. 1772, d. 1853 Plymouth and Terryville 
Invented wooden shelf clock 1814. Commenced the manufacture of 
clocks by waterpower for wholesale trade at Plymouth in 1802. 


TERRY, Ext, Jr. Working 1826 Plymouth 

Tuomas, SETH b. 1785, d. 1859 Plymouth Hollow 

WatTErRBuryY CLock Co. Waterbury 

We tcy, E. N. b. 1809, d. 1887 Mantel Clock maker Forestville 

We tcu, E. N. Crock Co. Working 1864 Forestville 
Organized by E. N. Welch, 1864. 

Wuire, PEREGRINE b. 1747, d. 1834 Woodstock 


Wuitinc, Ritey Working 1808-1835 Winchester and Winsted 


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COMB MAKERS 


The making of ivory combs in this country seems to have orig- 
inated in Connecticut and at the end of the eighteenth century 
was a flourishing industry in Hartford and Saybrook. They 
evidently continued to find a ready market until toward the end 
of the first quarter of the nineteenth century and were probably 
supplanted at that period by those of celluloid or other compo- 
sition, just as they had earlier displaced the more expensive ones 
of silver. 


Pratt, NATHAN Bi7 72,0. 1842 Essex 
Maker of ivory combs. 

Pratt, NATHAN, JR. b. 1802 . Essex 
Maker of ivory combs. 

SPENCER, GEORGE b. 1787, d. 1878 Essex 
Made ivory combs in Deep River in later life. 

Pratt, Ezra Working about 1794 Hartford 
Maker of ivory combs. 

Pratt, ExisHa Working about 1794 Hartford 
Maker of ivory combs. 

Pratt, ABEL Working about 1798 Saybrook 
Maker of ivory combs. 

Lorp, ANDREW Working about 1789 Saybrook 
The first maker of ivory combs in America. 

Merriam & CoLLins Working 1819 Meriden 
Makers of ivory combs. 

Howarp, Pratr& Co. Working 1822 Meriden 
Makers of ivory combs. 

Moss, Moses Working 1809 Farmington 

STANLEY, TIMOTHY Working 1809 Southington 

Jones, NATHANIEL Working 1809 Southington 

WiuiaMs, Davin 3p Working 1810 Hartford 


Maker of horn and tortoise shell combs. 


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ENGRAVERS 


At least two of the old Connecticut engravers must be included 
among the most proficient in the American colonies. Anyone 
who is familiar with Jocelyn’s maps and Doolittle’s historical 
views will appreciate the truth of this statement. Compared with 
their productions those of the patriot, Paul Revere, seem like the 
work of achild. Even the portrait of Washington by the youth- 
ful Samuel Danforth compares favorably with Revere’s plates. 
The silversmiths should be mentioned here also as producing 
some of the finer early engraving — with which they decorated 
the objects that came from their hands. The engravings of 
Asaph Willard of Connecticut scenes from drawings by J. W. 
Barber are also deserving of special attention. 


ALLEN, JOEL De1755,.d--1325 Southington and 

| Middletown 
ALLEN, LUTHER b. 1780, d. 1821 

Brunton, Ricuarp Working late 18thcentury Suffield and 

Granby 

CHENEY, JOHN b. 1801, d. 1885 South Manchester 

CHENEY, SETH WELLs b. 1810, d. 1856 East Hartford and 


South Manchester 


DanrortH, Mosety Isaac _ b. 1800,d.1862 Hartford 1818 
and New Haven 1821 


DanrortH, SAMUEL bb. Sept. 7, 1770 


Doo.ittLe, Amos b. 1754, d. 1832 Cheshire and 

New Haven 
FarrcuHitp, Louis __ b. 1800, d. after 1840 Farmington 
Farrman, GIDEON b. 1774, d. 1827 Hartford 


Hartrorp Grapuic & Banx Notre Co. Working 1817 Hartford 


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Jocetyn, NATHANIEL b. 1796, Working 1817 Hartford 


KimBERLEY, Dennison b. 1814, d. after 1862 Guilford, Hart- 
ford 1862 and Manchester 


Pease, JosepH Ives __ b. 1809, d. 1883 Norfolk, Hartford 
| and Salisbury 


Pease, RicHarp H. _b. 1813, d. after 1869 


Brother of Joseph Ives Pease. 


PELTON, OLIVER b. 1799, d. 1882 Hartford about 1825 
Reep, ABNER b. 1771, d. 1866 East Windsor 1811, 
and Hartford 1803-11 

Reep & STILEs Working 1821-25 Hartford 
SANFORD, Isaac Working 1783 Hartford 
STILES, SAMUEL b. 1796, d. 1861 Hartford, 1821-25 
TIspALE, ExxkanaH ~ b. about 1771,d.after1834 Hartford, 
1799-1825 

Wittarp, AsaPpH Working 1819 to 1828 Hartford 


The instructor of Fairchild, Kimberley and John Cheney. 


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GLASS WORKERS 


Some of the most highly esteemed of our early American flasks 
were made here during the last century. The productions of the 
Pitkin, New London, Westford and Willington glass works com- 
prise the larger proportion of the finest Connecticut glass. 


New Lonpon Grass Works Working before 1860 New London 
Pirxin Guiass Works Working 1783-1830 Manchester 
SmitH, SHERMAN © Working 1845 New Haven 
STEBBINS, THomas Working 1813-1823 Coventry 
STEBBINS & CHAMBERLAIN Co. Working 1824-1848 Coventry 
Tuames Grass Works Working after 1860 | New London 


Westrorp Grass Co. Working 1857-1873 Westford, Town 
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LITHOGRAPHERS 


The work of the few early native lithographers is neither very 
extensive nor very noteworthy. While it is true that some of the 
productions of the Kelloggs particularly are really creditable 
performances for what might be called “provincial” artists and 
craftsmen, they do not compare favorably with contemporary 
work done in Boston and New York. 


Bincuam, Dopp & Co. Working 1861 Hartford 
BurForp, J. H. Working 1845-50 

D. W. Kettocc & Co. Working 1834 Hartford 
Kextoce, E. B. & E. C. Working 1846-60 Hartford 


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METAL WORKERS IN IRON, TIN, BRASS, Etc. 


The early blacksmith beside shoeing horses made the fireplace 
furnishings, betty lamps, hinges, scissors and other articles of 
household use too numerous to enumerate. It is only the earliest 
handwrought ironware, however, that has any real esthetic 
value. With the beginning of iron casting practically all of the 
individuality of objects in tron passed away forever. Brass and 
copper workers made pots, kettles, warming pans, etc., and tin- 
smiths turned out betty lamps and other objects. Once in a 
while pieces in different metals are found bearing the maker's 
name. I know of one wafer-iron with a maker's name and there 
are doubtless many other signed objects of which I have no first- 
hand knowledge. The first brass lamp designed to use whale oil 
of which there is a record was made by hand in 1807 in Water- 
bury. 


Hayven, Hiram Working early 19th century Waterbury 
Brass worker. 

Hicpy, JosEPH Working 1727 Granby 
Blacksmith. 

Jarvis, SAMUEL Working about 1742 Stamford 
Blacksmith. 

Jounson, Ira A. Working 1864 Middletown 
Maker of gun-locks. 

Mann, ALEXANDER be17 77, Middletown 
Gun maker. 

ParMLEE, ABEL Working 1736 New Haven 
Bell founder. 

Pattison, EpwarpD Working 1750-75 Berlin 
The earliest American tinsmith. 

Pattison, WILLIAM Working 1750 Berlin 
Tinsmith. 


27 


Petror, F.W.&O.Z. Working 1864 


Makers of Britannia ware. 


Porter, ABEL & Co. Working 1816 


Makers of brass, silver and plated ware. 


Sapp, Hervey b. 1776, d. 1840 


Maker of iron stoves, pots and kettles. 


ScovILLE & Co. Working 1840 
Makers of metal buttons. 
Scovitte, J. M. L. & W. H. Working 1840 


Makers of rolled and plated metal ware. 


ScoviLLe Merce. Co. Working 1850 


Makers of brass, silver and plated ware. 


Star, NATHAN Working 1826 


Sword maker. 


WatwortTH, DaniEL __b. 1760, d. 1830 
Brass and copper worker. 


Middletown 
Waterbury 
New Hartford 
Waterbury 
Waterbury 
Waterbury 
Middletown 


New Haven 


Warp, JAMES b. 1768, d.1856 Guilford and Hartford 


Brass and copper worker. 
Warp, WILLIAM b. 1705, d. 1761 
Iron worker. : 
Watersury Brass Co. Working 1864 
Makers of brass and copper ware, kettles, pots, etc. 
ALLEN, JOEL b. 1755, d. 1825 
Brass worker. 
ALLEN, JOHN d. 1749 
Brass worker. 
Avsop & SAVAGE Working 1864 
Makers of firearms. 
AsHuTon, PETER H. Working 1864 
Manufacturer of gun barrels. 
Bacon ManurFacturine Co. Working 1864 
Makers of firearms. 


BEnepIcr, A. Working 1823-34 


Maker of brass, copper, silver and plated ware. 


28 


Guilford 
Waterbury 
Middletown 
Waterbury 
Middletown 
Middletown 
Norwich 


Waterbury 





Farty Hanp-wroucut Iron Cake Turner AND Pipe Toncs 


fade in Connecticut 





l 











Benepict & BuRNHAM Working 1834-42 Waterbury 


Makers of brass, copper, silver and plated ware. 


Benepict & Burnuam Mrc. Co. Working 1842-64 Waterbury 


Makers of brass, copper, silver and plated ware. 


Benepict & Co. Working 1829-34 Waterbury 


Makers of brass, copper, silver and plated ware. 


BueEt, ABEL b. 1742, d. 1825 New Haven 


Brass, iron and steel worker. 


CuHEsEBoROUGH, WiLttIAM ~ =©Working about 1650 _—Stonington 
Blacksmith. 


Cor, IsraeL Working 1834 Wolcottville and Torrington 


Began the making of hammered brass kettles in that year. 


Cott, SamueL Working 1836-50 Whitneyville and Hartford 


Invented and patented the revolving cylinder for firearms in 1836. 


Dean, JAMES Working 1676 Stonington 
Blacksmith. 

Dean, JAMEs, JR. Working 1700 Stonington 
Blacksmith. 

Donce, Ezra b. 1766, d. 1798 New London 
Brass founder and gunsmith. 

DootIttLe, Enos Working 1799 Hartford 
Brass founder. 

Wetton, Lizut. Arp = Working 1775 Waterbury 
Gun maker. 

Wuirney, Eur Working 1798 New Haven 
Gun maker. Better known as the inventor of the cotton gin. 

Wuirtirr, JOHN Working about 1757 Fairfield 

| Bell founder. 
Witcox, Cyprian b. 1795, d. 1875 New Haven 
WinTuHrop, JOHN Working 1649 Montville 


Tron smelter. 


29 











MINIATURE PAINTERS 


Although Connecticut’s painters of portraits in miniature are 
numerous and several of them not without distinction, none of 
the greatest American practitioners of the art are numbered 
among them except Trumbull. Of the others, Tisdale and An-- 
son Dickinson are probably the most proficient. Ellsworth and 
Emmons, who were self taught, both succeeded in evolving a 
very individual type of miniature, based upon the popular “sil- 
houette,’ and were perhaps the most esteemed miniaturists of 
their time in the state. They travelled widely and worked in 
many towns and cities far separated. 


ALLEN, JOEL - b. 1755, d. 1825 Southington 
CusuMan, GeorcE Hewitt b. 1814, d. 1876 Windham 
Dickinson, Anson “b. 1780, d. 1852 Milton 
Dickinson, DaniEu b. 1795, d. after 1840 Litchfield 
Earz, Ratpu b. 1751, d. 1801 New Milford 

and Bolton 
Expripc_, C. W. b. 1811, d. after 1881 New London 


ELLsworTH, JAMES SANForD _ b. 1802, d. 1873-4. Windsor and 
His miniatures are almost invariably painted on thin paper. Norwich 


Emmons, ALEXANDER H. b. 1816, d. after 1879 Norwich 
Painted many miniatures on cardboard. 
FaircHiLp, Louis _ b. 1800, d. after 1840 Farmington 
FREEMAN, GEORGE b. 1787, d. 1868 Hartford 
| Hatt, ANN b. 1792, d. 1863 Pomfret 
Hott, SAMUEL b. 1801, d. after 1879 Meriden 
Jocetyn, NarHaniet sb. 1796, d. 1881 New Haven 
Lorp, Puorse GrirFin _ b. 1797, d. 1875 Lyme 


33 


Muncer, CAROLINE b. 1808, d. 1892 Guilford and Madison 


Muncer, GEORGE b. 1781, d. 1825 Guilford and 
New Haven 
Parker, THomas H. b. 1801 
Worked for a number of years in Connecticut with C. W. Eldridge. 
SANFORD, Isaac Working 1783 to 1822 Hartford 
SHuumway, Henry CoLTon b. 1807, d. 1884 Middletown 
TispaLe, Erxanau_b. about 1771, d. after 1834 Lebanon 
TRUMBULL, JOHN b. 1756, d. 1843 Lebanon and 
His miniatures are practically all painted on wood. New Haven 


34 








Portrair Miniature oF Mrs. JENNIE Post 
By James Sanford Ellsworth 





MISCELLANEOUS CRAFTSMEN 


Auunc, EBENEZER Working about 1850 New Haven. 
Advertised as “Saddle, Harness, Trunk and Cap-Maker, Chapel Street.” 

GriswoLp, MatrHew Working 17th century Lyme 
Mason and stone cutter. 

Hart, Ferp. A. Working 1864 Middletown. 
Manufacturer of paper boxes, and hoop-skirt trimmings. 

Haypen, WILLIAM © Working 1644 Windsor 
Mason and stone cutter. 

Kies, Mary Working 1809 Killingly 
Weaver of straw with silk thread. 

Mattsy, Morton & Co. Working 1864 Waterbury 
Manufacturers of ivory and pearl buttons and trimmings. 

Moutturop, Reusen Working 1780 East Haven. 
Wax portrait maker. 

Pryce, NATHANIEL Working 1661 New London. 


Mason and stone cutter: 


37 





PAINTERS OF SHIP PICTURES 


As the painters of the now eagerly sought after pictures of our 
early sailing vessels very seldom signed their canvases, I con- 
sider myself fortunate indeed to be able to note three, at least, 
of these artists. 


Hue, I. F. Working in 1845 Bridgeport 
Jewett, Freperic STILES b. 1819, d. 1864 Hartford 
STANCLIFF, J. W. b. 1814, d. after 1879 Hartford 


5 








PEWTERERS 


The best of the native pewter was made by the Danforths and 
the Boardmans, and though it hardly compares favorably with 
that of Calder and Hamlin of Rhode Island for instance, it is of 
sufficient merit to warrant prominence in any display of Ameri- 
can pieces. The Wards and Porters and Fuller & Smith also 
made some creditable pieces, mostly tea and coffee pots, candle- 
sticks and lamps. 


BoarpMa\, J. D. Working 1828 Hartford 
BoarpmMaAN, Henry S. Working 1841 Hartford 
BoaRDMAN, SHERMAN Working 1828 Hartford 


BoarpMaNn, THomas D. Working early 19th century Hartford 
BroaDHEAD, Gurney & Co. 

Brooks, Davin S. Working 1828 Hartford 
DanrorTH, Epwarp 3 Hartford (?) 


DanForTH, SAMUEL Working early 19th century Hartford 


DanrortH, THomas b. 1708, d. about 1786 Norwich 
DanFortH, [Homas _ b. 1792, d. 1836 Rocky Hill 
Do.sBeare, JOHN New Haven(?) 


Futter & SmirH Working early 19th century Connecticut(?) 


Graves, Henry © Working 1849 Middletown 
GriLLey, Henry Working 1790 Waterbury 
Hatt, FRANKLIN Working 1840 Hartford 
House, Epwin Working 1841 Hartford 
Jaccer, Danret H. Working 1844 Hartford 
Jaccer, James M. Working 1843 Hartford 
Jaccer, WatTER W. Working 1839 Hartford 


41 


Working 1849 
Working 1828 


ManninG, THADDEUS 


Maron, Marcus 


Moore, 5. Working about 1820-30 
Porter, A. 

Porter, F. Working early 19th century 
SAVAGE Working early 19th century 


Working 1795 


Warp, JAMES 


Warp, H. B. Working early 19th century 
Warp,H. B. & Co. Working early 19th century 
YALE, SAMUEL Working 1794 

Yate, H. & Co. 

Yate, W. &S. 


42 


Middletown 
Hartford 
Kensington 
Southington 
Westbrook 
Middletown 
Hartford 
Guilford 
Guilford 

| Meriden 
Wallingford 
Wallingford 








PORTRAIT PAINTERS IN OILS 


John Trumbull, Nathaniel Jocelyn, Francis Alexander and 
Ralph Earl were the best of the native portrait painters in oils 
and were all facile artists producing a creditable numbers of can- 
vases, many of them of real distinction. Among their contem- 
poraries several have not a few fine examples to their credit, 
especially Waldo and Jewett, Curtis, Catlin and Charles Loring 
Elhott. 


ALEXANDER, Francis _ b. 1800, d. 1881 


ALLEN, LUTHER b. 1780, d. 1821 
Baxer, Georce Aucustus_ b. 1821,d.1880 Working in Darien 
1866-79 
Batpwin, Georce b. about 1819,d. after 1879 Thompson and 
Mansfield Center 

Banninc, WituiAM J.__—b. 1810, d. 1856 
BotrumgE, GeorceE F. b. 1828, d. after 1879 Norwich 
Bryant, Henry b. 1812, d. after 1879 Hartford 
CanpbEE, GEORGE Epwarp bb. 1838 New Haven 


CaTLin, GEORGE Pi7os cd, 15/2 Litchfield and Hartford 


Cuanpter, WintTHROP Db. 1747, d. 1790 Woodstock and 
Thompson 
Coes, JoHN b. 1780 Hartford 


Generally his portraits are on panel and measure about 22x 27 inches. 
They have lead colored backgrounds. 


Cummincs, THoMas Sier_ b. 1804, d. 1894. Working 1866-89 
Mansfield Centre 


Curtis, CALVIN b. 1822, d. after 1879 Waterbury and 
Bridgeport 


45 


Dickinson, Ouiver, Jr. b. 1757, d. 1847 Milton 


The father of Anson and Daniel Dickinson, miniature painters. 
DurrliE, JOHN b. 1818, d. after 1879 New Haven 
Ear, Ratpy_b. 1751, d. 1801 Working 1796 in Litchfield 


EL.ioTT, BENJAMIN F._ b. 1829, d. 1870 Middletown and 
Hartford 

E.uiotT, CHARLES Lorinc b. 1812, d. 1868 Working in 
Hartford in 1865 

Emmons, ALEXANDER H., b. 1816, d. after 1879 Norwich 
FaAIRMAN, GIDEON b. 1774, d. 1827 Hartford 
FANNING, SOLOMON Db. 1807, d. after 1879 Norwich 
FisHER, ALVIN b. 1792, d. 1863 Hartford 
Fiacc, Grorce W. b. 1817, d. 1897 New Haven 


Fiacc, JARED BrapLey b. 1820, d. 1899 Hartford and from 
1870-1873 New Haven 


Hewins, Puturp_ b. 1806,d.1850 Working 1834-50 in Hartford 


Hott, SAMUEL b. 1801, d. after 1879 Hartford 
Hotcukiss, WatEs Db. 1826, d. after 1879 New Haven 
IsHamM, RALPH b. about 1820 Hartford 


Jewett, Wittiam b.1795 Pupil and partner of Samuel Waldo 


Jewett, WitiiaM S. 


Jocetyn, NaTHANIEL  b. 1796, d. 1881 New Haven 
Jounson, Horace C. b. 1824, d. after 1879 Hartford and 
Waterbury 

Jones, S. K. b. 1825, d. after 1879 New Haven 
KIMBERLEY, DENNISON b. 1814, d. after 1862 Guilford 
Koxuner, WILLIAM b. 1816, d. 1876 Hartford and 
Warehousepoint 


46 


Wiuiam Rocers 
By John Trumbull 





& 





Kesster, Otro  b.1837,d.after1879 Working in Hartford 


in 1863-5 
LyMAN, SYLVESTER S. b. 1813, d. after 1879 Hartford 
MircHELL, JoHN b. 1811, d. 1866 Hartford and 
New London 

Morse, SAMUEL FINLEY BREESE b. 1791, d. 1872 
Mouvuturturop, Reusen sb. 1763, d. 1814 East Haven 
Munson, Lucius b. 1796, d. 1823 New Haven 
Oscoon, S. S. b. 1798, d. about 1885 Hartford 


PLACKETT, EBENEZER  b. 1844, d. after 1879 New Milford 
Primus, Netson A. b. 1843, d. after 1879 Hartford 
RossiTrer, THomaAs Pricuarp _b. 1818,d.1871 New Haven 


SHEFFIELD, Isaac b. 1798, d. 1845 New London 
Painted many sea captains, telescope in hand against red curtains, early in 
the 19th century. 


SMITH, ESTHER Hartford 
STEWART, Rev. JosEPH b. 1750, d. after 1800 New Haven 
STONE, WiLi1aM OLIVER b. 1830, d. 1875 New Haven 
Story, Georce H. b. 1835 New Haven 
Tuompson, Henry Ives _ b. 1840,d. after 1879 New Haven 
TRUMBULL, JOHN b. 1756, d. 1843 Hartford and 
New Haven 

Wa po, SAMUEL b. 1783, d. 1861 Litchfield and 
Hartford 


The pictures done in partnership by Waldo and Jewett are generally 
signed with both names. 


WHEEL Ler, W. R. b. 1832, d. after 1893 Hartford 


47 


Witson, Matruew _b. 1814, d. 1892 Working in Hartford 
in 1861-3 


Painted life size heads in pastel and crayon. 
WriGHT, GEORGE b. 1828, d. after 1879 Hartford 


Wouwnoer, ApaLBertT _ b. 1827, d. after 1879 | Worked in Hart- 
ford during 1855-1869 


Wuire,Epwin’ b.1817. = Working 1835-1840 in Bridgeport 
and Norwalk 


48 











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Kisstinc Mirror 


Eastern Connecticut. 18th Century 





POTTERS 


In the early nineteenth century the making of pottery in the 
state was well established in widely separated districts. Some 
of the surviving pieces are remarkably fine in form and very 
beautiful in finish, a fine glaze adding interest and value to many. 


AnpreEws, C. S. Working 19th century Danbury 
Brock, Hervey Working 18th century Litchfield 
BucGBeE, THOMAS Working 1793 Quasset 
Cross, PETER Working 1805 Hartford 
DunvTzE, J. New Haven 
GoopaLe, B. Hartford 
GoopaLeE, DANIEL Working 1818-1830 Hartford 
Goopwin, Horace & McCioup WEBSTER 

Working 1810-1850 Hartford 
Goopwin, T. O. Hartford 


Norton, Cart.Joun Workingearly 19thcentury | Goshen 
Founded later the famous Bennington Pottery. 


PEWTRESS, S.L. New Haven 
Pierce, JOHN Working 1753 Litchfield 
Porrs,C.&Son +‘ Working1796 =‘“Bean Hill,” Norwich 
Ristey, Sipney b. 1814,d.1875 Working 1846-1857 Norwich 
Seymour, NATHANIEL Working 1790-1825 Hartford 
SmiTH & Day Working late 19th century Norwalk 
SouTER, JOHN Working 1790-1808 Hartford 
States, ADAM Working 1796 Stonington 
States, ADAM, JR. Working 1804 Stonington 
STATES, JOSEPH Working 1804 Stonington 


51 


STEDMAN & SEYMOUR New Haven 


Wapuams, JessE Working 18th century Litchfield 
WEssTER & SON Working 1850-1857 Hartford 
WHEELER, L. W. Working about 1850 Norwalk 
Woop, Cart. Enocn Working 1856-1865 Norwalk 


52 


PRINTERS 


The first printer in colonial Connecticut was Thomas Short, 
who was working in New London in 1710, forty-five years ar 
more prior to the Parkers of New Haven who issued the first 
Connecticut newspaper in 1755. By the beginning of 1775, 
there were four newspapers in the state, at New London, New 
Haven, Hartford and Norwich; in 1810 they had increased in 
number to seven. The only early woman printer I can find was 
Hannah Watson of Hartford (probably the widow of Eben Wat- 
son) who was working in 1777. Amos Doolittle, the engraver, 
whose eighteenth century map of the state every collector should 
own, was twice actively engaged in printing; in 1783, with Simon 
Jocelin and in 1786, with Daniel Read, both of New Haven. 


Bascock, EnisHa Working 1785-1800 Hartford 
Bascock, JOHN Working 1793-1824 Hartford 
Batpwin & TrEapway Working 1829 New Haven 
Bartow & Bascock Working 1784-5 Hartford 
Beacu, Lazarus Working 1798-1800 Newfield and 

Bridgeport 
Beacu & JoNnEs Working 1795 Newfield 
Beacu & Storrs Working 1794 Hartford 
Bowen, Danie. Working 1786-7 New Haven 
Bunce, GEorGE Working 1797 New Haven 
Bunce & SPENCER Working 1797 New Haven 
BusHNELL, EBENEZER Working 1791 Norwich 
BusHneLt & Husparp Working 1793 Norwich 
Byrne, JOHN Working 1796-1800 Windham 
Cuark, E. & H. Working 1825 Middletown 
Cotuier, THOMAS Working 1787-1799 Litchfield 


53 


Cotuier & Buen Working 1791(!)-1795 Litchfield 
CoLuieR & Copp Working 1784-5 Litchfield 
Doourrrte, A. & Danten Reap = Working 1786 = New Haven 


Dovuctas, NATHAN Working 1793 Ridgefield 
Dovuctias & Nicuots Working 1797-1799 Danbury 
Douctas, NatHan & Epwarps Ery Working 1790-2 Danbury 
Dunninc, TertTIUs Working 1798-1800 Middletown 
Dunnine, T. & J.B. Working about 1805 Middletown 
Exy, E. Danbury 
Exy & NicHoLs Working 1796 Danbury 
FarnswortuH, Havita & OLIVER Working 1797 Suffield 
Forcue & BunKeLEy Working 1789 Fairfield 
Gueason, PETER B. & Co. Working 1816 | Hartford 
Gray, EDWARD Working 1799-1800 Suffield 
Gray, Joun C. Working 1800 Danbury 
GREEN, JOHN Working 1757 New London 
GREEN, SAMUEL Working 1766 New Haven 
GREEN, SAMUEL Working 1767-1820 New London 
Green, Natu’s & Timoruy, Jr. Working 1758(?) New London 
GrEEN, TIMOTHY Working 1713-1792 New London 
Green, T. & S. Working 1767-1800 New Haven 
Green, T. & Son Working 1787-1801 New Haven 
GreEN, THOMAS Working 1764-1767 Hartford 
Green & SPOONER Working 1773-1778 Norwich 
Green & WaTSON Working 1769 Hartford 
Hott, CHARLES Working 1798 _ New London 


54 


Hopkins, E. Working 1800 Sharon 


Husparp, THomas’ Working 1794-1800 Norwich 
Husparp, THomas & Son Working 1807 Norwich 
Hupson & Goopwin Working 1780-1812 Hartford 
© JocELin, SIMEON | Working 1788 New Haven 


Jocetin, Simeon & Amos DootitrLeE Working 1783 New Haven 


Law, WILLIAM Working 1792 Cheshire 
Lincotn & GLEASON Working 1803 Hartford 
MansFIELD, JARED Working 1802 New Haven 
Mecom, Benjamin’ Working 1764-1767 New Haven 
Meics, Josiau Working 1787-1789 New Haven 
Meics, Bowen & Dana Working 1784 New Haven 
Meics & Dana Working 1787 New Haven 
Miter & Forcue Working 1787 Fairfield 
Morse, ABEL Working 1789-1793 New Haven 
NIcHOLs, STILES Working 1800 Danbury 
Nicuots & Price Working 1819 Norwalk 
O’Brien, Epwarp Working 1797 New Haven 
Parker, J ACOBUS Working 1755-9 New Haven 
Parker, JAMES Working 1755-1757 New Haven 
Parker, JAMes & Co. Working 1755-1762 New Haven 

Issued the first newspaper in the colony, The Connecticut Gazette, Jan. 

Ist, 1755. 
Patren, NatuaniEL Working 1777-1800 Hartford 
Pratt, LUTHER Working 1799-1800 East Windsor 
Reap & Morse Working 1800 New Haven 
Roserts & Burr Working 1822 Hartford 


55 


Ropertsons & TRUMBULL Working 1773 


Alexander and James Robertson and John Trumbull. 
RussELL, JOHN, JR. Working 1813 
SEABURY, SAMUEL Working 1824 
Working 1828 


Working 1765 


SHERMAN, M. 
SHERMAN, RocER & B. Mecom 
SHort, ['HOMAS Working 1710 
Working 1814 


Working 1774 


SPENCER, FREDERICK 
SPooneER, J. P. 
SPRINGER, JAMES 
STEELE, O. & Co. 


STERRY, JOHN 


Working 1795-1800 
Working 1810 
Working 1799 

Srerry, Joun & Co. Working 1795-6 

SrorER, Witu1aM, Jr. Working 1824 

Tiesout & O’BRIEN Working 1796 

TRUMBULL, JOHN Working 1776-1798 

TRUMBULL, SAMUEL Working 1798-1802 

TRUMBULL, JoHN & J. STERRY 

Wa ter & STEELE Working 1812 

WasHBuRN, Epwarp & EpHRiAM 

Watson, EBEN Working 1771-1777 

Watson, Hanna Working 1777 

Watson & GoopWwIN Working 1778 

WEBB, SAMUEL Working 1813 

WessTER, BAvIL Working 1780-3 

Wopwarp, Moses H. 

-Woopwarp, T. G. 


Woopwarp & GREEN 


Working 1793 
Working 1818 
Working 1785 


56 


Working 1794 


Working 1795 


Norwich 


Hartford 
Stonington 
Bridgeport 
New Haven 
New London 
Middletown 

Norwich 


New London 


Norwich 
Norwich 
Stonington 
New Haven 
Norwich 
Stonington 
Norwich 
New Haven 
Danbury 
Hartford 
Hartford 
Hartford 
Windham 
Hartford 
Middletown 
New Haven 
Middletown 





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SCULPTORS 


Axers, BENJAMIN PauL b. 1825, d. 1861 Norwich 1835 


AxkeErs, CHARLES b. 1836, d. after 1879 Waterbury 
1860, 1869, 1875 
Aucur, HmzekIaH b. 1791, d. 1858 New Haven 


BARTHOLOMEW, E:pwWaRD SHEFFIELD b. 1822,d.1858 Hartford 


BarTLETT, TRUMAN Howe sb. 1836,d. after 1879 Waterbury » 
1862, New Haven 1863-7 
Ives, Cuauncy B. __ b. 1812, d. after 1879 New Haven 


Warner, Ouin Levi b. 1844, d. 1896 Born in Suffield 


59 





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SAMPLER BY Betsey MErRIMé 
of Hamden, Conn. 
(Worked at the age of nine, in 1796) 
Property of Burton Mansfield, Esq., New Haven 





> 


2 





Cort, JoHN 
ELDERKIN, JOHN 
Haypon, Ur1AH 
JEFFREY, JOHN 
Morey, SAMUEL 
Moutp, Hucu 


Tucker, JOHN 


SHIP BUILDERS 


Working 1660-66 
Working 1661 
Working 1775 

Working 1723-33 
Working 1794 

Working 1660-78 
Working 1720 


61 


New London 
New London 
Essex 
Groton 
Hartford 
New London 


Essex 















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45 ‘ a Hair | 


SILHOUETTE CUTTERS 


Brown, WILu1AM Henry b. 1808, d. 1883 Hartford 
Published his celebrated book of silhouettes called the “Portrait Gallery of 
Distinguished American Citizens” in Hartford in 1846. 


MELForbD, SAMUEL Working 1842 New Haven 


63 





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SILVERSMITHS 


_ The earliest of the Connecticut silversmiths was one Job 
Prince of Milford, born in 1680, who died probably in 1703. I 
know of no properly identified example of his work. The next 
was a Hugenot who settled in Norwich in 1708, Rene Grignon. 
A two-handled cup made by him is illustrated in Curtis’s “Early 
Silver of Connecticut.” The third and fourth in point of priority 
were respectively, Cornelius Kierstead, a Dutchman, baptized 
in New York in 1675, who was working in New Haven in 1722 
and John Potwine, born in Boston in 1698, who moved to Hart- 
ford about 1737. A baptismal basin and a two-handled beaker 
by the former and two beakers by the latter are shown in Mr. 
Curtis’s book. 

Among the foremost of the native craftsmen of a little later 
date, stand Miles Beach of Litchfield and Hartford, working in 
the latter half of the eighteenth century; Pygan Adams (1712- 
1776) who worked in New London; Robert Fairchild (1703- 
1794) working in Durham, Stratford and New Haven; John 
Gardner (1734-1776) who practised his calling in New London 
and William Ward (1705-1761) of Guilford. Examples of the 
work of all these men prove them to have been craftsmen of the 
highest order. Pieces of silver from their hands are invariably 
of fine proportion and exquisite workmanship. 


ApcaTE, WILLIAM b. 1744, d. 1779 Norwich 
Apams, Pycan Poly iasde 770 New London 
ALLEN, JOEL Bul 755, 0: 1025 Southington and 

Middletown 
Austin, EBENEZER b.1733 Hartford 
Avery, JOHN b. 1732, d. 1794 Preston 
Avery, JOHN, JR. _ b. 1755, d. 1815 Preston 
Avery, RoBert STAUNTON b. 1771, d. 1846 Preston 


65 


AVERY, SAMUEL b. 1760, d. 1836 Preston 


Avery, WILLIAM b. 1765, d. 1798 Preston 
Baspcock, SAMUEL b. 1788, d. 1857 Middletown and 
Saybrook 
Bartey, R. H. Working 1810 Woodstock 
Batcu, EBENEZER b. 1723, d. 1808 Hartford and 
Wethersfield 
Barser, WILLIAM Working 1843 Hartford 
Barrows, JAMEs Mapison b. 1809, d. after 1828 Tolland 
BarTHOLOMEW, RoswELL b. 1781, d. 1830 Hartford 
Beacu, Isaac d. about 1768 New Milford 
Beacu, Mites b. 1742, d. 1828 Litchfield and 
Hartford 
BEECHER, CLEMENT b. 1778, d. 1869 Berlin and 
Cheshire 
BENJAMIN, Barzittar _ b. 1774, d. 1844 Bridgeport and 
New Haven 
BENJAMIN, Everard _ b. 1807, d. 1874 New Haven 
BENJAMIN, JOHN b. 1730, d. 1796 Stratford 
BENJAMIN, SAMUEL C, _b. 1801, d. 1831 New Haven 
Benuam, Morris Working 1843 Hartford 
Biiurnos, A. Working 1780 Preston © 
Biuuincs, DANIEL Advertised in 1795 Preston 
BLACKMAN, FREDERICK STARR b. 1811, d. 1898 Danbury 
Buackman, F.S. & Co. Working 1840 Danbury 
BLACKMAN, JOHN Starr b, 1777, d. 1851 Danbury 
Buiacxmay, J. C. & Co. Bridgeport 


66 


Buiackman, J.C. & F.S. 


BLackMAN, JOHN CLARK b. 1808, d. 1872 Danbury and 
Bridgeport 
BLaKSLEE, WILLIAM b. 1795, d. 1879 Newtown 
BLAKSLEE, ZIBA b. 1768, d. 1825 Newtown 
Bontecou, TimotHy _ b. 1693, d. 1784 New Haven 
BonTeEcou, TIMoTHy, Jr. b. 1723,d.1789 ~» New Haven 
Borsrorp, Giweon B. ib. 1776, d. 1866 Woodbury 
Braptey, ANER b. 1753, d. 1824 New Haven and 
| Watertown 
BrapLey, PHINEAS b. 1745, d. 1797 New Haven 
Brap ey, RicHARD b. 1787, d. 1867 Hartford 
Braptey AND Bunce Worked in Hartford 
BrabDLey, ZEBUL b. 1780, d. 1859 New Haven 
Brapiey & MEerRRIMAN Advertised in 1847 New Haven 


BraDLeEY, ZEBUL, & Son 


BRAINARD, CHARLES b. 1787, d. 1850 Hartford 

BreEpD, JOHN b. 1752, d. 1803 Colchester 

Brewer, CHARLES b. 1778, d. 1860 Middletown 

Brewer & Mann Worked in Middletown 

Brewster, ABEL b. 1775, d. after 1805 Canterbury and 
Norwich 

BuE., ABEL b. 1742, d. 1825 New Haven 


Established a type foundry in New Haven. Made the first authorized 
Connecticut copper coins. Constructed the first lapidary machine used 
in this country about 1766. 4 


Buet, D. H. & Co, Working 1800 __.. Hartford 
Bue, JoHN b. 1744, d. 1783 New Haven and 
| Derby 


67 


BuEL, SAMUEL 


Worked in Middletown and Hartford. 


Advertised in Middletown in 1777, and in Hartford in 1779. 


Butt, CALEB 
Butt, G. W. 


Butt, Martin 


b. 1746, d. 1797 
Working 1840 
b. 1744, d. 1825 


Burpick, Witi1am 8S. Advertised in 1814 


68 


Hartford 
Farmington 
Farmington 


New Haven 


Burnap, DANIEL b. 1760, d. 1838 Coventry, Hartford 
and East Windsor 
Burritu, THEOPHILUS d. 1739 New London 
BusHNELL, Potneas _ b. 1741, d. 1836 Saybrook and 
Guilford 
CanveEE, Lewis Burton b. 1806, d. 1861 Woodbury 
CANFIELD, SAMUEL d. after 1807 Middletown 
CanFieLp & Foor Worked in Middletown 
CARPENTER, JOSEPH b. 1747, d. 1804 Norwich 
Case, GEORGE Advertised in 1779 East Hartford 
-Cuampuin, Joun b. 1745, d. 1800 New London 
Cuaprin, AARON b. 1753, d. 1838 Hartford 
CuitrenvEN, Bertau _ b. 1751, d. 1827 New Haven 
CHITTENDEN, EBENEZER b. 1726, d. 1812 Madison and 
New Haven 
Cuurcn, JosEPH b. 1794, d. 1876 Hartford 
Criark, JOSEPH d. 182747 Danbury 
Crark, Levi b. 1801, d. 1875 Norwalk 
- Crark, Peter G. Advertised in 1810 New Haven 
Cuark, WILLIAM b. 1750, d. 1798 


New Milford 





Earty Connecticut SILVER SPOONS 


Reading left to right: 1 (Rat-tail), By Wm. Ward of Guilford, 1705-61; 2, By John Staniford of 
Windham, working 1790; 3, By John Benjamin of Stratford, 1730-96; 4, By Robert Fairchild of Strat- 
ford, 1703-94; 5, By James Ward of Litchfield, 1763-89; 6, By John Gardner of New London, 1734-76; 


7, By Miles Beach of Litchfield, born 1742. 





a 


Cruark & Co1rT Working 1820 Norwich 

CLEVELAND, B. Working 1750 Norwich 

CLeveLaNnpD, Witi1aAMm__ Db. 1770, d. 1837 Norwich 
Grandfather of President Cleveland. 

Corr, E. Working 1810 Norwich 

Corr, THomas CHESTER | b. 1791, d. 1841 Norwich 

Corr & MansFietp Worked in Norwich 

Copp, JosEPH Advertised in 1757 New London 

Currier & TROTT Working 1805 New London 

Curtiss, DANIEL b. 1801, d. 1878 Woodbury 

Curtiss & CanpEE Worked in Woodbury 

Curtiss, CANDEE & STILES Worked in Woodbury 

Curtiss & STILEs Worked in Woodbury 

Curtis, JOEL b. 1786 

Curtis, Lewis b. 1774, d. 1845 Farmington 

Cutter, E. Working 1827 New Haven 

Cutter, RicHarD b. 1736, d. 1810 New Haven 

Cutier,Ricuarp,Jr. b.1774,d. 1811 New Haven 

Cut Ler, Ricuarp & Sons Worked in New Haven 

CuTLer, WILLIAM b. 1785, d. 1817 New Haven 

CUTLER, SILLIMAN, Warp & Co. Worked in New Haven 

DacceET, HENRY b. 1741, d. 1830 New Haven 

Davison, BarZILLal b. 1740, d. 1828 Norwich 

Davison, C. Working 1800 Norwich 

Dennis, EBENEZER b. 1753 Hartford 

Dennis, GrorcE, JR. b. 1749 Norwich 


Desuon, DaNnIEL b. 1697, d. 1781 New London 
Fs 


Dexter, MINERVA b. 1785 Working 1810 
Connecticut’s only woman silversmith. 

Dickinson, ANSON b. 1780, d. 1852 

b. 1766, d. 1798 


b. 1754, d. 1832 


Donce, Ezra 

DoouitTTLe, Amos 

Doouitre, Enos Advertised 1781-2 
b. 1740, d. 1776 

. 1759, d. 1833 

1753; d. eze 


Douctas, RoBERT 
ELperKIn, ALFRED b 
ELpEerKIN, ELISHA b 
Evuiott, JoHN AARON 


ELuswortH, Davip b. 1742, d. 1821 


FarrCHILD, ROBERT b. 1703, d. 1794 


b. 1788, d. after 1857 


Middletown 


Milton 

New London 
New Haven 
Hartford 
New London 
Windham 
Killingworth 
Sharon 
Windsor, 


Durham, Stratford 


and New Haven 


FarrcHILD, JOSEPH Working in 1824 


Fircu, ALLEN b. 1785 
Fitcu, D. M. Working 1840 
Fircu, J. Working 1810 


Fircu & Hoparr Working before 1813 


Foote, WILLIAM b. 1772 
Fox, AnNpREw W. Working 1843 
b. 1785, d. 1862 


Gatiup, CHRISTOPHER b. 1764, d. 1849 


Francis, Jutrus C. 


GarDINER, JOHN b. 1734, d. 1776 
Sometimes spelt his name Gardner. 
GILBERT, SAMUEL Advertised in 1798 
b. 1797, d. 1869 


b. 1787, d. 1864 


Goopwin, ALLYN 


Goopwin, Horace 


70 


New Haven 
New Haven 
New Haven 
New Haven 
New Haven 
East Haddam 
Hartford 
Middletown 


North Groton 
now Ledyard 


New London 


Hebron 
Hartford 
Hartford 


Goopwin, H. & A. 
Goopwin, RaLpH 
Goopwin & Dopp 

‘ GoruaM, JOHN 
Goruam, Mites 
GoruaM, RIcHARD 


GraHAM, DANIEL 


Gray, JoHN 


GREENLEAF, Davip 


b. 1793, d. 1866 
Advertised in 1812 
Advertised in 1814 

b. 1757, d. 1847 

b. 1775, d. 1841 


b. 1764 
Advertised in 1789 


b. 1684, d. 1713 
b. 1737, d. 1800 


GreENLEAF, Davin, Jr. b. 1765, d. 1835 


GREENLEAF, JOSEPH 


Gricnon, RENE 


b. 1778, d. 1798 


b. before 1691, d. 1715 


Hartford 
Hartford 
Hartford 
New Haven 
New Haven 


New Haven 


West Suffield 


New London 
Norwich 
Hartford 
New London 


Norwich 


The second silversmith in Connecticut of whom record has been found. 


GrIswoLp, GILBERT 


GrIswoLp, W. 
Gunn, Enos 


Gurey, WILLIAM 


Hatuam, JoHN 
Hamuin, WILLIAM 


Hanks, BENJAMIN 


HarLanp, THOMAS 


Working late 19th century 


Working 1825 
b. 1770 


b. 1764 
Advertised in 1804 


b. 1752, d. 1800 
0.1772 
b. 1738, d. 1810 


b. 1735, d. 1807 


Hartanp, Tuomas, Jr. b. 1781, d. 1806 


Hart, EvrpHaz 


b. 1789, d. 1866 


71 


Middletown 
and Portland 


Middletown 
Waterbury 


Norwich 


New London 
Middletown 


Windham, Litchfield 
~ and Ashford 


Norwich 


Norwich 


New Britain and 


Norwich 


Hart, JuDAH b. 


Hart AND Bu Iss 
Hart & BREWER 


Hart & WILLcox 


HEQUEMBOURG, CHARLES, JR. 


Hopkins, JoHN 


1777, d. 1824 


Working 1803-4 
Working 1800-1803 
Working 1805-7 


Hucues, J. Working 1798 
Huntincton, RoswELL b. 1763 
Working in 1784 _ 
Jarvis, Munson b. 1742, d. 1825 
JENNINGS, JACOB b. 1729, d. 1817 
Jennincs, Jacos,Jr.  b. 1779 
‘JoHonnot, Witut1am _ b. 1766, d. 1849 
Hiniprup, THomas d. 1804 
Hircucock, Exiaxim __b. 1726, d. 1788 
Hopart, JosHuA 
Houimes, IsraEu b. 1768, d. 1802 
Hopkins, JESSE b. 1766 


Working about 1770 


b. 1760, d. 1851 


Middletown and 


Norwich 
Middletown 
Middletown 

Norwich 
New Haven 
Middletown 


Norwich 


Stamford 
Norwalk 
Norwalk 
Middletown 
Hartford 


Cheshire and 
New Haven 


New Haven 


Greenwich and 


Waterbury 
Waterbury 
Waterbury 


Made plated knee and shoe buckles, buttons and other plated ware. 


Hopkins, JosEPH b. 
Hopkins, STEPHEN b. 
Horcukxiss, Hezex1aH(?) 
Hucu_es, EpmMuND 
Hucues & Butss 


Hucues & Francis 


1730, d. 1801 
1721, d. 1796 
d. 1761 


Working in 1806 
Working in 1806 
Working in 1807-9 


72 


Waterbury 
Waterbury 
New Haven 
Middletown 
Middletown 
Middletown 


HuntincTon, Pur ib. 1770, d. 1825 Norwich 
KEE LER, A. Working 1800 Norwalk 
KEELER, JOSEPH b. 1786, d. 1824 Norwalk 
KiERSTEAD, CORNELIUS b. 1674, d. 1753(?) New Haven 
Kine, JosEPH d. after 1807 Middletown 
Kinney, Tuomas Working early 19th century Norwich 
Kipren, GEORGE b. 1790, d. after 1825 Middletown and 

Bridgeport 
KirTLAND, JOSEPH P. b. 1770 Middletown 

Advertised in 1796 

Laturop, Rurus b. 1731, d. 1805 Norwich 
Lewis, Isaac b. 1773, d. 1860 Huntington and 

Ridgefield 
LINDSLEY, CLARK Working 1843 Hartford 
Loup, Asa b. 1765, d. 1823 Hartford 
Marin, Davin b. 1752, d. 1843 Stonington 
Mann, ALEXANDER b. 1777 Middletown 
MansFIELD, ExisHa Hype ib. 1795 Norwich 
MarBLE, SIMEON b. 1777, d. 1856 New Haven 
Merriman, Marcus __ b. 1762, d. 1850 New Haven 


Merriman, Marcus, JR. 
Merriman, Marcus & Co. 
MerriIMAN & BRADLEY 


MeErrRIMAN & TUTTLE 


MeErRIMAN, REUBEN b. 
MERRIMAN, SAMUEL b. 
MERRIMAN, SILAS b 


Working in 1826 


1783, d. 1866 
1769, d. 1805 


- 1734, d. 1805 


73 


New Haven 
New Haven 
New Haven 
New Haven 

Litchfield 
New Haven 


New Haven 


Merrow, NaTHANn b. 1758, d. 1825 East Hartford 


Moss,Isaac Nicuots __ b. 1760, d. 1840 Derby 
Munson, Amos bi 2753, di r78e Ge New Haven 
Munson, CorneELius b. 1742 Wallingford 
Myeatr, Comrort STARR b. 1763, d. 1823 Danbury 
Myeatrt, Davin b. 1777, d. 1822 Danbury 
Myearrt, Ext b. 1742, d. 1807 Danbury 
Neweerry, Epwin C. Working in 1828 Brooklyn 
Nortu, W. B.& Co. Working about 1800-1820 New Britain 
Norton, ANDREW b. 1765, d. 1838 Goshen 
Norton, THomMAS b. 1773, d. 1834 Farmington 
Norton, C. C. Working 1820 East Hartford 
Noyes, SAMUEL b. 1747, d. 1781 Norwich 
Oakes, FREDERICK Working in 1814 Hartford 
Oakes & SPENCER Working in 1814 Hartford 
OtmstTeD, NATHANIEL b. 1785, d. 1860 Farmington and 
New London 
Oris, JONATHAN b. 1723, d. 1791 Middletown 
PaRMELE, JAMES b. 1763, d. 1828 Durham 
PARMELE, SAMUEL b. 1737, d. 1803 Guilford 
PEABopy, JOHN Advertised in 1779 Enfield 
Peck, TimoTHy b. 1765, d. 1818 Middletown and 
Litchfield 
Pitkin, Joun O. b. 1803, d. 1891 East Hartford 
Pirxin, WALTER b. 1808, d. 1885 East Hartford 
Post, SAMUEL b. 1736 New London 


Advertised in 1783-4 | 
74 


Potwin_E, JOHN b. 1698, d. 1792 Hartford, East 
Windsor and Coventry 

Pratt, NATHAN b. 1772, d. 1842 Essex 
Pratt, NaTuan, JR. b. 1802 Essex 
Pratt, PHINEAS b. 1747, d. 1813 Westbrook and 
Lyme 

Pratt, SETH b. 1741, d. 1802 Lyme 


PRINCE, JOB b. about 1680(?) d. about 1703 (?) Milford 


The first Connecticut silversmith of whom we have record. 


QuINTARD, PETER b. 1699, d. 1762 Norwalk 
Reep, Isaac b. 1746 Stamford 
Reep, I. & Son Working 1810 Stamford 
Roatu, Roswett WatsTen b. 1805 Norwich 
Roserts, L. D. Working 1843 Hartford 
RockweE LL, THomas d. 1795 Norwalk 
Rocers, Asa Working 1843 Hartford 
Rocers, JosEPH d. 1825 Hartford 
Rocers, WILLIAM b. 1801, d. 1873 Hartford 
RussELL, JONATHAN b. 1770 Ashford 
Sapp, Hervey b. 1776, d. 1840 New Hartford 
SANFORD, Isaac Advertised in 1785 Hartford 
_ SARGEANT, JACOB b. 1761, d. 1843 Mansfield and 
Hartford 

SHERMAN, Epwarpb Working 1843 Hartford 
SHETHAR, SAMUEL Working 1801-06 Litchfield and 
New Haven 

SHETHAR & GoRHAM Working 1806 New Haven 
SHETHAR & THompson Working 1801 Litchfield 


75 


Suipman, NATHANIEL _ b. 1764, d. 1853 
b. 1778, d. 1808 


Working 1801-06 


SIBLEY, CLARK 
SipLEY & MARBLE 
S1ntiman, HEZEKIAH 


b. 1738 


d. 1858 
Advertised in 1826 


Smiru, EsENEzER Working late 18th century 
b. 1787, d. 1878 
Working 1843 


SKINNER, EXLIZER 


SPENCER, GEORGE 
SPENCER, JAMES, JR. 
STANIFORD, JOHN Working in 1793 
STanTON, DANIEL b. 1755, d. 1781 
Stanton, Enocu# b. 1745, d. 1781 
STANTON, ZEBULON b. 1753, d. 1828 
Stites, Benjamin. Working about 1830 
STILLMAN, SAMUELS. Working 1850 
Surron, Rosert Working early 19th century 
TERRY, GEER 
Terry, L. B. 
Terry,.W. 


Tuomson, Isaac 


b. 1775, d. 1858 

Working 1810 

Working 1780 
Working 1801-05 
TiLey, JAMES 


b. 1740, d. 1792 


b. 1757 
Advertised in 1779 


Tompkins, EpMUND 


Tracy, Erastus b. 1768, d. 1795 


Tracy, GURDON 


b. 1767, d. 1792 
b. 1769, d. 1852 


76 


Trott, JoHN PRocTor 


Norwich 
New Haven 
New Haven 
New Haven 

Hartford 


Brookfield 
Essex 
Hartford 
Windham 
Stonington 
Stonington 
Stonington 
Woodbury 
Hartford 
New Haven 
Enfield 
Enfield 
Enfield 
Litchfield 
Hartford 
Waterbury 


Norwich and 
New London 


New London 


New London 


Trott, JONATHAN b. 1730, d. 1815 Norwich and 
New London 


Trott, JONATHAN,JR. b. 1771, d. 1813 New London 
Trott, JonATHAN P. & Son Working 1800 New London 
Trott & Brooks Advertised in 1798 New London 
Trotr & CLeveLanp Advertised in 1792 New London 
Tutte, BETHUEL b. 1779, d. 1813 New Haven 
Tutte, WILLIAM b. 1800, d. 1849 New Haven and 

Suffield 
Urrorp & Burpick Advertised in 1814 New Haven 
WatworTH, Danie, ib. 1760, d. 1830 Middletown 
Warp, AMBROSE b. 1735, d. 1808 New Haven 
Warp, Bitiious By 1720.0, 777 Guilford 
Warp, JAMES b. 1768, d. 1856 Hartford 
Warp & BARTHOLOMEW Working 1804-09 Hartford 


Warp, BarrHotomew & Brarnarp Working 1809-30 Hartford 


Warp, JoHN Advertised 1805 Middletown 
Warp & HucHEs Dissolved in 1806 

Warp, TrmoTHY b. 1742, d. 1768 Middletown 
Warp, WILLIAM b. 1736, d. 1826 Litchfield 
Warp, WILLIAM b. 1705, d. 1761 Guilford 
Waroin, DaNniIeEL Advertised in 1811 Bridgeport 
WELLEs, ANDREW b. 1783, d. 1860 Hebron 
WELLEs, L. T. Working about 1815 Hartford 
We tes, L. T.& Co. Working about 1820 Hartford 
WE tts, WILLIAM b. 1766 Hartford 


fel 


Wuire, Amos b. 1745, d. 1825 


Wuite, PeREGRINE b. 1747, d. 1834 
Waite, PETER b. 1718, d. 1803 
Wuirtine, B. Working 1749 
Wuitinc, CHARLES b. 1725, d. 1865 
Witticox, ALVAN b. 1783, d. 1865 


Wittcox, Cyprian b. 1795, d. 1875 
WituiamMs, DEopAT d. 1781 
Wi.uiams, Otiver S. Working 1843 


Witmort, SAMUEL b. 1777, d. 1846 
Advertised in 1808 


Wivmot & STILLMAN 
Woopwarp, ANTIPAS b. 1763 


Yeomans, ELIJAH b. 1738, d. 1794 


Younc, Epenezer Advertised in 1778-80 


Youna, Levi Advertised in 1827 


78 


East Haddam 
and Meriden 


Woodstock 
Norwalk 
Norwich 
Norwich 


Norwich and 
New Haven 


New Haven 
Hartford 
Hartford 


New Haven 


New Haven 
Middletown 
Hartford 
Hebron 
Bridgeport 














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